Humanoid robots are entering new realms, from spiritual roles to industrial and consumer applications. Shanghai Qingbao's robotic monks, delivering sermons at an Indian temple, mark a world-first in religious robotics. Companies like Tesla and Unitree are advancing robots in factories and entertainment, while experts foresee breakthroughs in eldercare and domestic use. Market projections show rapid growth, with humanoid robots potentially becoming as common as smartphones by 2040. Despite current limitations, these evolving robots promise to transform industries and daily life.
This year marks an extraordinary milestone in robotics as humanoid robots transition into a spiritual domain. Over 20 robotic monks, designed by Shanghai Qingbao Engine Robot, are set to deliver sermons at an Indian temple. Draped in orange robes and seated in the traditional lotus posture, these robotic monks will become the first of their kind to take on a religious role, creating an unprecedented way to engage with the public.
Shanghai Qingbao, known for developing robots for cultural tourism and conventions, is one of many companies diving into the rapidly evolving humanoid robotics industry. This field has seen contributions from tech giants like Tesla, Nvidia, Xiaomi, and Xpeng. While Tesla's Optimus robots are already streamlining factory operations, Chinese companies like Unitree Robotics are showcasing robots in unconventional roles, such as football-playing prototypes and dynamic dance performances.
Unitree recently captured global attention during China's Spring Festival Gala, where 16 humanoid robots performed a synchronised dance. The impressive agility and artistry of these robots highlighted China's advances in robotics. Social media buzzed with excitement, with users eagerly envisioning robots aiding in eldercare, household chores, and more. One user humorously commented, “Forget having kids – save millions and buy a robot for retirement instead.”
Humanoid robots initially made their mark in factories, with Tesla’s Optimus and UBTech’s Walker S streamlining automotive production. Meanwhile, Figure AI is set to introduce its robots to BMW factories later this year. Beyond industrial use, robots are becoming museum guides, entertainers, and even tools for cultural tourism, enhancing visitor experiences and drawing crowds.
Countries are also exploring military applications for humanoid robots, from reconnaissance to disaster response, with the U.S. leading through innovations like Boston Dynamics' Atlas and SAFFiR. Additionally, robots are venturing into space for data collection and navigation in extreme environments. However, for the average person, humanoid robots remain largely confined to exhibitions and performances, hinting at their untapped potential.
Experts believe the robotics industry is approaching a breakthrough, with consumer-facing applications poised to unlock explosive growth. A Goldman Sachs report predicts the humanoid robot market could soar to $38 billion by 2035, with shipments quadrupling to 1.4 million units. Factory applications are expected to become economically viable by 2027, followed by consumer adoption between 2028 and 2031.
Xu Xuecheng from the Zhejiang Humanoid Robot Innovation Centre envisions a future where humanoid robots are as commonplace as smartphones or cars. Tesla CEO Elon Musk has even speculated that by 2040, there could be up to 10 billion humanoid robots—potentially surpassing the human population. However, challenges remain, as robots still struggle with complex, unpredictable environments.
Shanghai Qingbao Chairman Wang Lei likens the current state of humanoid robots to young children learning elementary tasks. “Asking them to write an essay or create a design is still beyond their capabilities,” he explained. While their current roles focus on entertainment and tourism, Wang sees immense potential in eldercare. With over 216 million people aged 65 and above in China, the market for elderly care robots could reach 500 billion yuan if technology matures to meet the demand.
Japan’s SoftBank previously attempted to address this need with its humanoid robot Pepper in 2014. Although Pepper sparked interest among senior citizens, its limited functionality led to disappointing sales. Today, advancements in artificial intelligence, sensors, and other technologies are steadily paving the way for more capable robots.
Despite their limitations, humanoid robots are progressing rapidly. They are becoming smarter, more agile, and increasingly integrated into various industries. While a fully functional eldercare robot remains a distant goal, the industry continues to evolve, driven by the growing demand for intelligent, humanlike machines.
As Wang Lei optimistically stated, “Right now, it’s like a young child progressing through the first, second, or third grades.” With time, these "young" robots may mature into invaluable companions, transforming the way we live and work. Whether in temples, factories, or homes, humanoid robots are poised to redefine the boundaries of what technology can achieve.
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