New Delhi: About 248.2 million people escaped multidimensional poverty in the nine years between 2013-14 and 2022-23, with Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan registering the highest decline in poverty, showed a discussion paper jointly done by NITI Aayog and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).
It translates into 27.5 million people escaping multidimensional poverty annually, NITI Aayog member Ramesh Chand said on Monday.
According to the paper, multidimensional poverty in India declined to 11.28% in 2022-23 from 29.17% in 2013-14, helping India achieve the sustainable development goal 1.2, which mandates countries to reduce poverty by half by 2030, much before the target. The paper clarified that due to the lack of datafor years between 2005-06 and 2015-16 and after 2020-21 concerning the incidence of poverty levels, headcount poverty ratios for 2013-14 and 2022-23 have been estimated on compound growth rate of the reduction in the incidence of poverty levels between 2005-06 and 2015-16 and 2015-16 and 2019-20.
“Government’s goal is to bring down multidimensional poverty to below 1% and all efforts are being made in that direction,” said NITI Aayog CEO BVR Subrahmanyam.
According to the paper, the rate of decline in multidimensional poverty accelerated during the period from 2013-14 to 2022-23 on the back of a large number of initiatives and schemes of the government targeted at improving specific deprivation aspects.
The paper said Uttar Pradesh saw the highest reduction with 59.4 million escaping poverty during the period, followed by Bihar (37.7 million), Madhya Pradesh (23 million) and Rajasthan (18.7 million).
The UNDP had said in its global Multidimensional Poverty Index report released last year that 415 million people exited multidimensional poverty in India in 15 years, from 2005-06 to 2020-21, with the incidence of poverty falling to 16.4% in 2020-21 from 55.1% in 2005-06.
Following this, NITI Aayog said 135 million Indians moved out of multidimensional poverty in five years between 2015-16 and 2020-21 with the proportion of poor in the country down from 24.8% to 14.9% between 2015-16 and 2020-21, on the back of improvements in nutrition, years of schooling, sanitation and subsidised cooking fuel.
The National Multidimensional Poverty Index, developed by the Aayog in 2021, measures simultaneous deprivations across the three equally weighted dimensions of health, education and standard of living that are represented by 12 Sustainable Development Goals-aligned indicators.
These include nutrition, child and adolescent mortality, maternal health, years of schooling, school attendance, cooking fuel, sanitation, drinking water, electricity, housing, assets and bank accounts.
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