India leads G20 in climate commitments, reducing emissions intensity by 33% over two decades. Targeting a 2.7% yearly reduction by 2030, India transitions to non-fossil fuel sources, notably increasing solar power to 20% of capacity. Afforestation efforts have absorbed 2 billion tonnes of emissions since 2005. Despite progress, challenges persist, urging more aggressive actions for net-zero goals to combat climate change effectively.
India stands out among the G20 nations as one of the few on track to fulfill its climate commitments, a significant achievement considering its status as one of the world's largest producers of greenhouse gases alongside China. The progress made by India in reducing emissions intensity per unit of GDP is commendable, with a 33% decrease compared to levels two decades ago. This consistent reduction, amounting to over 2% annually, demonstrates India's dedication to meeting its environmental goals.
To reach the 2030 target, India aims to accelerate this reduction to 2.7% per year, slightly below the rate achieved between 1990 and 2005. The focus on emissions intensity reflects a delicate balance between economic growth and environmental responsibility, an essential consideration for developing nations like India. It's worth noting that India's current emission levels parallel where the US stood in the 1960s and where China was in the late 1980s, showing a parallel growth trajectory.
In line with its commitments, India is also making strides in transitioning to non-fossil fuel energy sources. The country has successfully reduced the share of fossil fuels in its power generation capacity from 70% to 54%, closely approaching the 50% target set for 2030. Notably, solar power has experienced remarkable growth, jumping from 2% to 20% of installed power capacity within a decade. While fossil fuels still contribute significantly to electricity generation, efforts to expand renewable energy sources are evident.
India has also focused on expanding its carbon sinks through afforestation and reforestation to absorb emissions. The addition of carbon sinks equivalent to removing 2 billion tonnes of emissions since 2005 showcases India's commitment to mitigating climate change. However, challenges persist, as rising temperatures threaten the effectiveness of these carbon sinks, emphasizing the urgency of sustained efforts.
Despite these achievements, there remains room for improvement. India's current emissions levels and projected trajectories indicate the need for more aggressive measures to reach net-zero targets. With extreme weather events posing a significant threat, India must prioritize sustainable practices to safeguard its environment and economy.
By adhering to its climate commitments and implementing further initiatives, India can continue to lead by example in the global fight against climate change.
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