India's semiconductor industry is on an upward trajectory, marked by a significant collaboration between India and the United States to establish a joint semiconductor plant. With an investment of around Rs 1.50 lakh crore and a daily chip production capacity of 7 crore chips across 7 projects, including the India-US venture, India is making substantial strides towards global semiconductor prominence. These efforts encompass fabrication plants, like the "Shakti" Fab, and assembly and testing units, under the India Semiconductor Mission, reflecting India's commitment to technological advancement and self-reliance in chip manufacturing.
India's semiconductor ambitions have received a substantial boost with the recent agreement between India and the United States to establish a joint semiconductor fabrication plant. This new facility, aimed at producing chips for national security, next-generation telecommunications, and green energy applications, signifies a significant stride in India's journey towards becoming a global semiconductor powerhouse.
Amidst accelerated efforts in the semiconductor sector, India is actively pursuing multiple projects. Let's delve into the current landscape of India's semiconductor initiatives, focusing on two key types of facilities: fabrication plants (fabs) and assembly and testing units (ATMP/OSAT).
Key highlights of India's semiconductor initiatives include a total planned investment of approximately Rs 1.50 lakh crore, an expected daily chip production capacity of 7 crore chips, and a portfolio comprising 7 projects, notably including the recent India-US joint venture. These figures underscore the significant strides India is making in establishing itself as a formidable player in the global semiconductor industry, showcasing the nation's commitment to technological advancement and innovation in this critical sector.
Fabrication Plants (Fabs):
1. India-US Joint Venture "Shakti" Fab
- Partners: Bharat Semi, 3rdiTech, and US Space Force
- Specialization: Infrared, gallium nitride, and silicon carbide semiconductors
- Status: Recently announced; further details pending
2. Dholera Fab
- Partners: Tata Electronics and Taiwan's Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation
(PSMC)
- Investment: Rs 91,000 crore ($11 billion)
- Capacity: Up to 50,000 wafers per month
- Status: First batch of semiconductors expected by December 2026
3. Adani-Tower Semiconductor Fab in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra
- Partners: Adani Group and Tower Semiconductor (Israel)
- Investment: $10 billion (Rs 83,947 crore)
- Capacity: Phase 1: 40,000 wafer starts per month (WSPM), Phase 2: 80,000 WSPM
- Status: Approved by Maharashtra government; awaiting ISM clearance
Assembly and Testing Units (ATMP/OSAT):
1. Tata Electronics ATMP in Morigaon, Assam
- Investment: Rs 27,000 crore
- Capacity: Up to 48 million chips daily
- Significance: First indigenous semiconductor assembly and testing unit in India
2. Micron Technology OSAT in Sanand, Gujarat
- Investment: $2.75 billion
- Significance: First project approved under the ISM in June 2023
- Status: Expected first chip by mid-2025
3. CG Power ATMP in Sanand, Gujarat
- Partners: CG Power (Murugappa Group), Renesas Electronics (Japan), Stars Microelectronics
Thailand
- Investment: Rs 7,600 crore
- Capacity: 15 million chips daily
4. Kaynes Semicon OSAT in Sanand, Gujarat
- Investment: Rs 3,307 crore
- Capacity: 6.3 million chips daily
- Status: Approved by Union Cabinet in September 2023
These projects are part of the India Semiconductor Mission (ISM), a government initiative aimed at boosting domestic chip manufacturing. The government is now considering increasing the funding outlay for the second phase of its chip manufacturing incentive policy to $15 billion, up from $10 billion in the first phase.
As India aims to emerge as a compelling alternative to China amid global tensions, the development of its semiconductor industry has emerged as a top policy priority. With recent approvals and advancements in semiconductor units, India's ambitious program to kick-start domestic chip manufacturing is gaining momentum, potentially propelling India into a significant player in the global semiconductor industry.
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